What are the primary functions of the roots in plants?

The primary functions of roots in plants are indeed to anchor the plant and supply water and nutrients. Roots serve as the foundation, providing stability and securing the plant in the soil. This anchoring is crucial, especially for taller plants that need to withstand environmental factors like wind and rain.

In addition to anchorage, roots play a vital role in water and nutrient uptake. Through a vast network of root hairs, plants absorb water from the soil, which is essential for various physiological processes, such as photosynthesis and nutrient transport. Nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are also taken up by the roots, supporting growth and development throughout the plant.

This pivotal role of roots distinguishes them from other plant structures; for example, stems primarily provide support and growth for the plant above ground, while leaves are responsible for photosynthesis and gas exchange. The production of fruits and seeds is specifically a function of flowering plants and occurs in the reproductive parts rather than the roots. Therefore, the answer accurately identifies the core functions of roots in plant biology.