What is the term for a close-growing crop planted to temporarily protect the soil surface from erosion?

The term for a close-growing crop planted specifically to temporarily protect the soil surface from erosion is known as a cover crop. Cover crops are typically used in agricultural practices to enhance soil health, improve moisture retention, and prevent soil erosion during periods when the main crops are not being cultivated.

By growing close to the soil surface, cover crops help to anchor the soil in place, reducing the impact of wind and water erosion. Additionally, they contribute to the soil’s nutrient profile as they decay, adding organic matter and improving soil structure. This practice is particularly beneficial in protecting against soil degradation during fallow periods or before a new crop season begins.

In contrast, intercropping involves growing different crops in proximity for various benefits such as pest control and resource optimization. Fallow crops refer to land that is left to rest and recover, which does not provide immediate erosion control. Rotational crops are part of a crop rotation system aimed at maintaining soil health and nutrients, but they do not serve the specific role of surface protection against erosion in the way cover crops do.