Which process involves the transformation from larval to adult stage in insects?

The process that involves the transformation from larval to adult stage in insects is known as metamorphosis. This biological process is crucial for the development of many insect species, as it includes distinct stages such as the egg, larva, pupa, and then the adult stage. During metamorphosis, the organism undergoes significant physiological changes; for example, in complete metamorphosis, the larval form often looks entirely different from the adult form, reflecting adaptations for different lifestyles or ecological roles. This transformation allows insects to occupy various niches throughout their life cycle, contributing to their survival and evolutionary success.

Other processes listed do not relate to the transformation stages of insects. Pollination pertains to the transfer of pollen from the male part of a plant to the female part for reproduction, germination is the process by which seeds develop into new plants, and fertilization refers to the union of sperm and egg to form a zygote, which is an essential step in the reproductive cycle but doesn’t specifically involve insect development stages.